Tatar national costume

The national costume is a unique feature of every nation, which keeps some secrets and traditions. Many people do not even know the subtleties and nuances of the clothes of their ancestors. However, the Tatars have always honored their history and were sensitive to customs. Their outfits are famous for their rich canvases and exquisite fittings. They are easily recognizable, and for many in demand in our time.

Of course, the national Tatar costume has its own history. It dates back to the 18th century, but the last changes were made a little later. This wardrobe item was constantly adjusted, but the common features remained intact.

It is worth clarifying that much depended on the locality of the representatives and a particular religion. The biggest influence was Volga Tatars and, of course, Islam.

The Crimean Tatars the costume was very different. They brought into fashion wide skirts, focusing on voluminous hips. In other regions, dresses were wedge-shaped.

This people believed that the human soul leaves the body through some holes and openings. Therefore, they treated cuts and torn materials with special trepidation.The Tatars believed that they could only save a life with a magical amulet. For this, the edges or any cutouts were processed with special patterns. Previously, these were arrows, but they were soon replaced by curls.

The outfits were decorated with ornaments only in certain places. The pelvic area was considered a secret and very intimate, so it was never treated with anything. The breast was perceived differently, because women fed their children to it. That is why this area was always decorated with magical signs in the form of an ornament.

Tatar outfits have always stood out among others for their brightness and abundance of jewelry.

For Tatars, the color of their outfits is very important. They do not reflect fashion trends or color type features, but much more serious things. A certain shade can say a lot about a person's position in society or about his religious preferences. In the same way, it was possible to determine the people who are in a marriage union or age. It is worth saying that the color scheme strictly separates even nomadic and agricultural peoples.

In the 18th century, great attention was paid to the color red. He spoke about the generosity of his master, and a little later he began to point to financial solvency. However, in the next century he was no longer taken seriously. They began to wear red clothes for some holidays and events, as it was considered elegant.

For many Tatars, white symbolizes mourning or old age. Such outfits were usually worn by women who were past their reproductive age and people going to funerals.

Now in the national costume you can find the brightest and most colorful colors. Quite often, both in men's and women's attire, emerald, lilac and blue shades are used. They are always combined with contrasting tones and bright patterns. The most common embroidery is gold or yellow. It makes the outfit much richer and more interesting.

Previously, velvet was used for tailoring suits. They liked to decorate the edges and hem with fur. Animal wool was often repeated in headdresses. Gradually, clothes became lighter, and preference was given to other fabrics. The most popular are woolen, cotton and silk fabrics. Camisoles are sewn from brocade, which is covered with small patterns. Sometimes you can find options made of velvet and some elastic materials.

Now there are no strict and sharp restrictions. The wishes and characteristics of people, as well as their tastes, are taken into account. Of course, the cut and certain details remain the same.

The main feature of the Tatar costume was its trapezoidal shape. Representatives of this nationality wore wide shirts resembling tunics and voluminous outerwear with a solid back.

There were no shoulder seams in the classic shirt, and it was sewn from a straight but bent linen. Also present in it were gussets, unusual wedges that were inserted on the sides and a slit on the chest. Some types of Tatars had a stand-up collar. The male model was very wide and barely reached the knees, while the female one almost touched the ankles.

Pants in the national costume are quite voluminous, and outerwear has always been swinging.

It is unlikely that you will find any product of this people without decorative seams. There are several types of patterned weaving.

• The first is "scatter pattern fabric". Thick threads form an ornament of stripes, and they decorate mainly belts and scarves. The threads for the seams themselves are most often multi-colored.
• The second type is “Cypriot fabric”. Here, the weft threads were superimposed on the main threads and completely covered them. You can recognize these seams by gaps that resemble small steps.
• The last type is the "board". The threads are repeated on the front, then on the wrong side. They look very original, which even resemble embroidery.

By various decorations, it was easy to judge the well-being of the family. Not only the woman was always evaluated, but the couple as a whole.

Men usually wore rings with large stones and original buckles. For girls, the headdress was considered the main decoration. They could be of different colors, materials and even shapes.

It is worth saying that among the Tatars it is hardly possible to meet a young lady without earrings. Ears were pierced at the age of three or four, so girls got used to earrings from childhood. It is these decorations that are worn until old age, and they are also a traditional detail of the Tatar costume.There were some classical forms of earrings, but many of them were borrowed from other peoples.

The ladies did not forget about the decorations for the neck. However, most often they served quite practical purposes. Young ladies covered a deep neckline on a shirt with products.

Another original accessory can be considered a sash. It was a ribbon that was worn over the shoulder. Muslim women often had pockets in which they kept texts from the Koran.

The bride's dress should be closed and certainly long. The girl can be in a snow-white outfit or give preference to traditional bright colors. Among them are cornflower blue, burgundy and green.

Very often, the product complements the camisole of the above colors. On her feet, a young lady can put on shoes or light boots, which are called a sitek. A lace cover or kalfak usually flaunts on the head. A large number of bracelets, large earrings and rings are welcome. All these decorations will indicate the high status of the bride.

For men, everything is much simpler and more concise. They buy a classic costume, which they like to decorate with various ribbons, and also put on a national headdress. If the wedding requires strict rules, then the groom prefers a shirt and a velvet camisole.

Women's national costume includes a shirt, a lower bib and trousers. This outfit is suitable for any occasion and is the foundation.

At the beginning of the 20th century, dresses began to be sewn for girls that looked more elegant. The lower bib was attached to the product without fail. It was attached to the neck or shoulders with the help of thin straps. This bandage was always decorated with some ornaments.

For some Tatars, an apron was considered another everyday detail. Someone wore it exclusively with work clothes, and someone wore it only on holidays.

As for outerwear, camisoles and bishmets have always been in great demand. Camisole is a short and fitted vest. Bishmet is a long coat with a tapered back. It was often decorated with fur, and instead of an ordinary button, a silver clasp was sewn on, which also served as a decoration for the outfit.

Unmarried girls put on a hat or kalfak, which they wore with braids, on their heads. Women in marriage had to cover all their hair and back. Therefore, hairs and bedspreads were always included in headdresses.

Children's costumes are almost no different from adult models. However, they have more bright details.

1. The costume for the boy consists of an elongated shirt with wide sleeves. For the convenience of the child, the product is often supplemented with cuffs. An obligatory part of the set is a camisole embroidered with various patterns. Pants are usually wide and have a contrasting hue that does not take away attention from the shirt. Boots are usually worn on the feet, and in the summer, lighter shoes.
2. The outfit for the girl is a dress with several tiers. It covers the shoulders, neck and sleeves, and also has a maximum length. A national headdress certainly flaunts on the head, and a translucent veil delicately falls from it, which completely covers the entire back. Dresses are always distinguished by bright colors and interesting patterns.

A men's suit is necessarily a wide shirt, which has gussets under the arms and raglan sleeves. It should be elongated, and the pants must be wide.

There are two types of clothing that can be described in one detail.

It can be fitted or with a straight back. The first option includes camisole, bishmet, choba. Bishmet is a dense coat, and choba is light. The camisole is an ordinary fitted vest.

The second option includes chikmen, dzhilyan and sheepskin coat. Chikmen is a demi-season outfit, and it also comes with a fitted back. Jilyan is a robe with a small collar worn in spring and summer. A sheepskin coat is considered a winter coat made of fur.

The main headdress of a man is a skullcap. It is a molded cap richly decorated with colored embroidery.

Now you can hardly meet a girl in a shirt and camisole. Young ladies wear closed A-line dresses. They have a stand-up collar and ruffles on the sleeves. Of course, there are exceptions, but this outfit is the most popular. As for the headgear, it does not change.

For men, everything remains the same, but some details and motifs look more modern and stylish. In modern dances, combinations from the usual national costume are used, but with notes of the new time. Men always perform in wide trousers that are tucked into boots. Shirts and camisoles remain the same, and sometimes a belt is added to the outfit.

Dresses for girls can have different variations, but they always remain closed. The sleeves are often decorated with frills. For dance costumes, the brightest and richest shades are used, as well as original and rich embroidery.